COMPUTER DEVICES EXPLANATIONS

EXPLANATIONS OF THE DEVICES

Mechanical calculating devices
ABACUS:-It was the earliest calculating devices,invented around 3000bc. ,it is still used by traders and businessmen in some parts ,separated by a mid-bar,the upper part is called as heaven and the lower parts as earth ,heaven bead hasa a value equal to 5 and earth bead has a value equal to 1 each.
NAPIER'S BONES:-In 1614 a scottish mathematician john napier invented napiers bones ,it is a kind of rod,written different no. digits ,it consists of nine pieces of square,each divided diagonally again .
SLIDE RULE:-In 1620 ,william oughtred invented the slide rule ,this was based on the principles of napiers bones ,differents no.s are calibrated on the bones and perform the mathematical calculations.
PASCALINE:-It was invented by french mathematician ,blaise pascal in 1642,when he was just 19 years old ,he invented it for his father ,who was a tax collector,it is used for add and subtract,it consists of a train of no. wheels ,the no. of calculating capability of pascaline was 9 crores 99 lakhs 99 thousand 9 hundreds and 99.
<9,99,99,999>.
ANALYTIC DEVICES:
ANALYTIC ENGINE:The mathematician ,on arround 1820 designed the analytic engine and introduced the stored program concept .so charles babbage is known as the "father of computer".
LADY ADA LOVELACE,the student of charlesw babbage ,was the ist programmer in the world ,she developed several programms for perfroming mathematical calculations on the analyitc engine.
HOLLERITH TABULATOR:-In 1887,dr. herman hollerith invented holleriths tabulating machine and it was used in the american census work on 1890 ,his idea was to 'code'the data by representing it by punched hole combination on the card.
ELECTROMECHANICAL COMPUTER:-Mechanical devices were put aside and in 1937 ,howard h..aiken of harvard university ,along with his staff in collaborations with IBM corporation ,built automatic sequence controlled calculator.ass compared to modern computers,it was slow and had a very limited storage capacity.
ELECTRONIC COMPUTERS
University of pennesylvania ,constructed the fully electronic computer ENIAC .the instruction as well as data could be manipulated and stored internally in this computer.